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Analytics

Governed Analytics with BigQuery and Looker

A practical pattern for one governed semantic layer serving dashboards, scheduled reports, and AI analytics — instead of per-team metric forks.

Overview

  • Metric definitions belong in a governed semantic layer, not in dashboards.
  • BigQuery is the single computation home; Looker is the governed access surface.
  • AI analytics should consume the same semantic layer as human analytics.

Semantic Layer

Define metrics once, govern them centrally

LookML models capture metric formulas, grains, allowed joins, and ownership on top of BigQuery datasets, so every dashboard and report computes the same numbers from the same definitions.

  • Version metric definitions and review changes like code.
  • Deprecate metrics explicitly with owners and migration notes.

Performance

Design BigQuery for predictable cost and latency

Partitioning, clustering, materialized aggregates, and scan budgets keep interactive dashboards fast and monthly bills explainable as usage grows.

  • Partition by business date and cluster by the most-filtered dimensions.
  • Serve high-frequency dashboards from materialized aggregates, not raw fact scans.

One Surface

Humans and AI share the same governed surface

When Gemini NL2SQL, scheduled reports, and Looker explorations all resolve through the same semantic layer and permissions, answers stay consistent no matter who — or what — asks the question.

  • Route AI-generated queries through governed views, not raw tables.
  • Reconcile AI answers against Looker numbers in evaluation checks.